| 1 | Eleanor Roosevelt | Episcopalian |
| 2 | Marie Curie | Catholic (lapsed) |
| 3 | Margaret Sanger | Atheist |
| 4 | Margaret Mead | Episcopalian |
| 5 | Jane Addams | |
| 6 | Mary Wollstonecraft | Unitarian |
| 7 | Susan B. Anthony | Quaker; Unitarian |
| 8 | Elizabeth Cady Stanton | atheist |
| 9 | Harriet Tubman | Methodist |
| 10 | The Virgin Mary | Jewish; Christian icon |
| 11 | Georgia O'Keeffe | Episcopalian (nominal) |
| 12 | Frances Perkins | Episcopalian |
| 13 | Jane Austen | Anglican |
| 14 | Mary Harris "Mother" Jones | |
| 15 | Simone de Beauvoir | Catholic |
| 16 | Queen Elizabeth I | Anglican |
| 17 | Rosa Parks | Methodist |
| 18 | Helen Keller | Swedenborgian |
| 19 | Anne Sullivan | |
| 20 | Sojourner Truth | Methodist; Seventh-day Adventist |
| 21 | Queen Isabella | Catholic |
| 22 | Florence Nightingale | Anglican |
| 23 | Karen Horney | |
| 24 | Angelina Grimke | |
| 25 | Sarah Moore Grimke | |
| 26 | Elizabeth Blackwell | Quaker |
| 27 | George Eliot | Anglican; agnostic |
| 28 | Ida Bell Wells-Barnett | |
| 29 | Betty Friedan | Jewish |
| 30 | Rachel Carson | Environmentalist |
| 31 | Ella Baker | |
| 32 | Hannah Arendt | Jewish |
| 33 | Mother Teresa | Catholic |
| 34 | Melanie Klein | |
| 35 | Emily Dickinson | |
| 36 | Golda Meir | Jewish |
| 37 | Virginia Woolf | Neo-Pagan |
| 38 | Queen Victoria | Anglican |
| 39 | Martha Graham | |
| 40 | Zora Neale Hurston | |
| 41 | Harriet Beecher Stowe | Congregationalist |
| 42 | Rosa Luxemburg | Jewish |
| 43 | Mary McLeod Bethune | Methodist |
| 44 | Charlotte Bronte | Anglican |
| 45 | Emily Bronte | Anglican |
| 46 | Catherine the Great | Russian Orthodox |
| 47 | Carrie Chapman Catt | |
| 48 | Jane Goodall | |
| 49 | Emma Goldman | Jewish |
| 50 | Hillary Rodham Clinton | Methodist |
| 51 | Coco Chanel | |
| 52 | Grace Murray Hopper | Jewish |
| 53 | Barbara McClintock | |
| 54 | Gertrude Stein | Jewish |
| 55 | Joan of Arc | Catholic |
| 56 | Indira Gandhi | Hindu |
| 57 | Louise Nevelson | Jewish |
| 58 | Emrneline Pankhurst | |
| 59 | Dorothea Lange | |
| 60 | Agnes De Mille | |
| 61 | Sappho | |
| 62 | Nadia Boulanger | |
| 63 | Gwendolyn Brooks | |
| 64 | Maria Montessori | |
| 65 | Marian Anderson | Baptist |
| 66 | Anne Frank | Jewish |
| 67 | Babe Didrikson Zaharias | |
| 68 | Margaret Thatcher | |
| 69 | Mary Cassatt | |
| 70 | Sarah Bernhardt | Jewish |
| 71 | Aung San Suu Kyi | Buddhist |
| 72 | Amelia Earhart | |
| 73 | Murasaki Shikibu | Buddhist/Shinto culture |
| 74 | Toni Morrison | |
| 75 | Gloria Steinem | half-Jewish; Feminist, Humanist |
| 76 | Christine de Pisan | |
| 77 | Margaret Bourke-White | Ethical Culture |
| 78 | Frida Kahlo | Jewish Catholic |
| 79 | Gabriela Mistral | Jewish Catholic |
| 80 | Flannery O'Connor | Catholic |
| 81 | Katharine Graham | Jewish |
| 82 | Bessie Smith | |
| 83 | Joan Ganz Cooney | |
| 84 | Cleopatra | |
| 85 | Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy Onassis | Catholic |
| 86 | Sandra Day O'Connor | Episcopalian |
| 87 | Ruth Bader Ginsburg | Jewish |
| 88 | Jessie Redmon Fauset | |
| 89 | Wu Chao | |
| 90 | Billie Holiday | |
| 91 | Marilyn Monroe | Christian Science; temporary convert to Judaism |
| 92 | Frances Willard | Methodist |
| 93 | Elisabeth Kubler-Ross | |
| 94 | Mary Pickford | Catholic; Christian Science (convert) |
| 95 | Leni Riefenstahl | Lutheran |
| 96 | Katharine Hepburn | nominal Episcopalian background; atheist |
| 97 | Billie Jean King | |
| 98 | Princess Diana | Anglican |
| 99 | Lucille Ball | Protestant; Dutch Reformed (Rev. Peale) |
| 100 | Oprah Winfrey | Protestant |
The list below is from the book 100 Women Who Shaped World History (Bluewood Books: San Francisco, CA, 1994), written by Gail Meyer Rolka.
The names in this list are listed in chronological order. This book does not purport to list the "most influential" women in history. The back cover states:
History is filled with thousands of people who have made significant accomplishments. However, among these are figures who have risen as true beacons of greatness--whose personal talent, striving and unique sense of vision have earned them a place in the annals of history. 100 Women Who Shaped World History provides capsule views of 100 such women whose indomitable spirit and desire to excel changed the course of world history. This book is a perfect desk reference for trivia fans and for anyone interested in learning more about the achievements and contributions of women.
| Queen Makare Hatshepsut | d. 1483 BC | |
| Deborah | c. 1150 BC | Jewish |
| Sappho (Psappho) | c. 600 BC | |
| Aspasia | c. mid-5th century BC | |
| Cleopatra VII | 69-30 BC | |
| Mary, the Mother of Jesus Christ | c. 22-20 BC | Jewish; Christian icon |
| Boadicea (Boudicca) | d. 60 AD | |
| St. Helena | c. 250-c. 330 AD | Catholic |
| Zenobia (Septimia Bat Zabbai) | c. 3rd century AD | |
| Hypatia | 370-415 AD | pagan |
| Theodora | 497-548 AD | |
| Eleanor of Aquitaine | 1122-1204 | Catholic |
| Queen Tamara (Thamar) | c. 1156-1212 | |
| Queen Margaret | 1353-1412 | |
| Joan of Arc | 1412-1431 | Catholic |
| Isabella I | 1451-1504 | Catholic |
| Catherine of Aragon | 1485-1536 | Catholic |
| Catherine de Medicie | 1519-1589 | Catholic |
| Elizabeth I | 1533-1603 | Anglican |
| Queen Jinga (Jinga Mbandi) | c. 1580-1663 | |
| Pocahontas (Matoaka) | c. 1595-1617 | Protestant |
| Mary Wortley Montagu | 1689-1762 | |
| Emilie du Chatelet | 1706-1749 | |
| Catherine the Great | 1729-1796 | Russian Orthodox |
| Caroline Herschel | 1750-1848 | |
| Catherine Littlefield Greene | 1755-1814 | |
| Maie Lavoisier | 1758-1797 | |
| Mary Wollstonecraft | 1759-1797 | Unitarian |
| Sophie German | 1776-1831 | |
| Elizabeth Fry | 1780-1845 | |
| Mary Fairfax Somerville | 1780-1872 | |
| Sacajawea ("Bird Woman") | 1784?-1812 or 1884 | |
| La Saragossa (Maria Agustin) | 1786-1857 | |
| Lucretia Coffin Mott | 1793-1880 | Quaker |
| Catherine Beecher | 1800-1878 | |
| Dorothea Dix | 1802-1887 | |
| Harriet Beecher Stowe | 1811-1896 | Congregationalist |
| Ada Lovelace | 1815-1852 | |
| Charlotte Bronte | 1816-1855 | Anglican |
| Emily Bronte | 1818-1848 | Anglican |
| Elizabeth Cady Stanton | 1815-1902 | |
| Lucy Stone | 1818-1893 | |
| Mary Ann Evans (George Eliot) | 1819-1880 | Anglican; agnostic |
| Queen Victoria | 1819-1901 | Anglican |
| Susan B. Anthony | 1820-1906 | Quaker; Unitarian |
| Florence Nightingale | 1820-1910 | Anglican |
| Harriet Tubman | c. 1820-1913 | Methodist |
| Clara Barton | 1821-1912 | |
| Elizabeth Blackwell | 1821-1910 | Quaker |
| Mary Baker Eddy | 1821-1910 | Christian Science |
| Lakshmi Bai, Rani of Jhansi | c. 1830-1858 | |
| Mary Harris Jones (Mother Jones) | 1830-1930 | |
| Louisa May Alcott | 1832-1888 | |
| Sophia Jex-Blake | 1840-1912 | |
| Annie Besant | 1847-1933 | Theosophy |
| Emma Lazarus | 1849-1887 | Jewish |
| Emmeline Pankhurst | 1858-1928 | |
| Christabel Pankhurst | 1880-1958 | |
| Carrie Chapman Catt | 1859-1947 | |
| Jane Addams | 1860-1935 | |
| Mary Kingsley | 1862-1900 | |
| Marie Curie | 1867-1934 | Catholic (lapsed) |
| Sarah Breedlove Walker | 1867-1919 | |
| Gertrude Bell | 1868-1926 | |
| Alice Hamilton | 1869-1970 | |
| Rosa Luxemburg | 1870-1919 | Jewish |
| Maria Montessori | 1870-1952 | |
| Julia Morgan | 1872-1957 | |
| Mary McLeod Bethune | 1875-1955 | Methodist |
| Helen Keller | 1880-1968 | Swedenborgian |
| Frances Perkins | 1880-1965 | Episcopalian |
| Emmy Noether | 1882-1935 | |
| Margaret Higgins Sanger | 1883-1966 | Sanger |
| Eleanor Roosevelt | 1884-1962 | Episcopalian |
| Karen Horney | 1885-1952 | |
| Sister Elizabeth Kenny | 1886-1952 | |
| Louise Boyd | 1887-1972 | |
| Lucila Godey Alcaya (Gabriela Mistral) | 1889-1957 | Jewish Catholic |
| Agatha Christie | 1891-1976 | |
| Martha Graham | 1984-1991 | |
| Anne Freud | 1897-1937 | Freudian Psychoanalysis; Atheist |
| Golda Meir | 1898-1978 | Jewish |
| Margaret Mead | 1901-1978 | Episcopalian |
| Marian Anderson | 1902-1993 | Baptist |
| Margaret Bourke-White | 1904-1971 | Ethical Culture |
| Rachel Carson | 1907-1964 | Environmentalist |
| Mother Teresa | 1910-1997 | Catholic |
| Rosa Parks | 1913- | Methodist |
| Mildred "Babe" Didrikson Zaharias | 1914-1956 | |
| Indira Gandhi | 1917-1984 | Hindu |
| Betty Friedan | 1921- | Jewish |
| Shirley Chisholm | 1924- | Baptist |
| Margaret Thatcher | 1925- | |
| Anne Frank | 1929-1945 | Jewish |
| Toni Morrison | 1931- | |
| Corazon Aquino | 1933- | |
| Valentina Tereshkova | 1937- | |
| Marian Wright Edelman | 1939- | Baptist |
| Rigoberta Menchu | 1959- |
The list below is from the book 100 Most Important Women of the 20th Century (Ladies' Home Journal Books: Des Moines, Iowa; 1998), edited by Lorraine Glennon.
The individuals in the book are categorized into groups (Activists and Politicians; Writers and Journalists; Doctors and Scientists; Entrepreneurs; Artists and Entertainers; Athletes; Pioneers and Adventurers), and presented alphabetically within each group. The book does not attempt to rank these individuals, aside from identifying them collectively as the top 100 most influential women of the 20th Century.
Text from inside book jacket:
Women found their voice in the 20th Century. No longer silent and passive, no longer confined to kitchens and bedrooms, women today are educators and athletes, politicians and activists, doctors and adventurers. Women entrepreneurs boldly lead in business. Women scientists make breakthrough discoveries. Women journalists and writers suggest new ways of examining issues and events.As we head into the new millennium, one thing is certain: Women will never be the same. Neither will the world. Selected by a team of several top women historians from across the nation and the editors of Ladies' Home Journal, the women in this book helped bring about this major transformation.
Narrowing the choice down to just 100 names was a daunting task. But some names practically suggested themselves. What would the world be like without Eleanor Roosevelt's compassionate local action? Or Rachel Carson's Silent Spring, which drew attention to the perils that unchecked pesticides held for our environment? Where would we be without the liberating message of freedom and equality from impassioned women like Betty Friedan, Margaret Sanger, Mary McLeod Bethune, and Gloria Steinem?
Not everyone will agree with every choice made for this book. But let's face. One hundred volumes wouldn't do justice to the accomplishments of women in this past century. The women in this book will influence our lives for untold years to come.
| Activists and Politicians | |||
| Jane Addams | |||
| Madeleine Albright | Anglican | ||
| Mary McLeod Bethune | Methodist | ||
| Hillary Rodham Clinton | Methodist | ||
| Marian Wright Edelman | Baptist | ||
| Indira Gandhi | Hindu | ||
| Ruth Bader Ginsburg | Jewish | ||
| Emma Goldman | Jewish | ||
| Anita Hill | |||
| Dolores Huerta | |||
| Maggie Kuhn | |||
| Golda Meir | Jewish | ||
| Rigoberta Menchu | |||
| Sandra Day O'Connor | Episcopalian | ||
| Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis | Catholic | ||
| Rosa Parks | Methodist | ||
| Alice Paul | |||
| Frances Perkins | Episcopalian | ||
| Eva Peron | |||
| Jiang Qing | |||
| Eleanor Roosevelt | Episcopalian | ||
| Phyllis Schlafly | |||
| Gloria Steinem | half-Jewish; Feminist, Humanist | ||
| Daw Aung San Suu Kyi | Buddhist | ||
| Mother Teresa | Catholic | ||
| Margaret Thatcher | |||
| Writers and Journalists | |||
| Maya Angelou | |||
| Hanna Arendt | |||
| Rachel Carson | Environmentalist | ||
| Agatha Christie | |||
| Simone de Beauvoir | Catholic | ||
| Anne Frank | Jewish | ||
| Betty Friedan | Jewish | ||
| Ann Landers | |||
| Margaret Mitchell | |||
| Toni Morrison | |||
| Dorothy Parker | half-Jewish | ||
| Sylvia Plath | |||
| Gertrude Stein | Jewish | ||
| Barbara Walters | |||
| Laura Ingalls Wilder | |||
| Virginia Woolf | Neo-Pagan | ||
| Doctors and Scientists | |||
| Virginia Apgar | |||
| Helen Caldicott | |||
| Marie Curie | Catholic (lapsed) | ||
| Rosalind Franklin | |||
| Jane Goodall | |||
| Grace Hopper | |||
| Melanie Klein | |||
| Mary Leakey | |||
| Barbara McClintock | |||
| Lise Meitner | Jewish-born Protestant | ||
| Entrepreneurs | |||
| Coco Chanel | |||
| Julia Child | |||
| Elsie de Wolfe | |||
| Katharine Graham | Jewish | ||
| Ruth Handler | |||
| Estee Lauder | Jewish | ||
| Jean Nidetch | |||
| Mary Quant | |||
| Martha Stewart | Catholic | ||
| Oprah Winfrey | Protestant | ||
| Artists and Entertainers | |||
| Marian Anderson | Baptist | ||
| Lucille Ball | Protestant; Dutch Reformed (Rev. Peale) | ||
| Margaret Bourke-White | Ethical Culture | ||
| Maria Callas | |||
| Isadora Duncan | |||
| Ella Fitzgerald | |||
| Jane Fonda | born-again Christian | ||
| Greta Garbo | Lutheran | ||
| Martha Graham | |||
| Katharine Hepburn | nominal Episcopalian background; atheist | ||
| Billie Holiday | |||
| Janis Joplin | Churches of Christ | ||
| Frida Kahlo | Jewish Catholic | ||
| Dorothea Lange | |||
| Madonna | Catholic; Kabbalah | ||
| Marilyn Monroe | Christian Science; temporary convert to Judaism |
||
| Georgia O'Keeffe | Episcopalian (nominal) | ||
| Mary Pickford | Catholic; Christian Science (convert) | ||
| Leni Riefenstahl | Lutheran | ||
| Athletes | |||
| Nadia Comaneci | |||
| Babe Didrikson | |||
| Gertrude Ederle | |||
| Sonja Henie | |||
| Billie Jean King | |||
| Suzanne Lenglen | |||
| Wilma Rudolph | |||
| Pioneers and Adventurers | |||
| Nancy Brinker | |||
| Helen Gurley Brown | |||
| Diana, Princess of Wales | |||
| Amelia Earhart | |||
| Betty Ford | Episcopalian | ||
| Helen Keller | Swedenborgian | ||
| Maria Montessori | |||
| Jane Roe | |||
| Margaret Sanger | Atheist | ||
| Valentina Tereshkova | |||
| Rank | Name - Country, age | Religious Affiliation |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Benazir Bhutto - Pakistan, 42 | Islam |
| 2 | Hillary Clinton - US, 48 | Methodist |
| 3 | Queen Elizabeth II - UK, 70 | Anglican |
| 4 | Margaret Thatcher - UK, 70 | |
| 5 | Alice Mitchell Rivlin - US, 65 | |
| 6 | Tansu Ciller - Turkey, 49 | |
| 7 | Gro Harlem Brundtland - Norway, 57 | |
| 8 | Wu Yi - China, 57 | |
| 9 | Germaine Greer - Australia, 57 | |
| 10 | Oprah Winfrey - US, 42 | Protestant |
| 11 | Sadako Ogata - Japan, 68 | |
| 12 | Christine Todd Whitman - US, 49 | Presbyterian |
| 13 | Anson Chang - Hong Kong, 55 | |
| 14 | Katharine Graham - US, 78 | Catholic |
| 15 | Laura d'Andrea Tyson - US, 49 | |
| 16 | Rachel Lomax - UK, 50 | |
| 17 | Madeleine Korbel Albright - US, 58 | Episcopalian |
| 18 | Tutut Suharto - Indonesia, 47 | |
| 19 | Aung San Suu Kyi - Burma, 50 | Buddhist |
| 20 | Mary Robinson - Ireland, 51 | |
| 21 | Vidgis Finnbogadottir - Iceland, 66 | |
| 22 | Janet Reno - US, 58 | |
| 23 | Nafis Sadik - Pakistan, 61 | |
| 24 | Hanan Ashrawi - Palestine, 49 | |
| 25 | Queen Beatrix - The Netherlands, 58 | |
| 26 | Charlotte Beers - US, 59 | |
| 27 | Sheila Widnall - US, 58 | |
| 28 | Sheila Maureen Copps - Canada, 43 | |
| 29 | Nguyen Thi Binh - Vietnam, 69 | |
| 30 | Dianne Feinstein - US, 63 | Jewish |
| 31 | Violeta Chamorro - Nicaragua, 65 | |
| 32 | Chandrika Kumaratunga - Sri Lanka, 50 | |
| 33 | Begum Khaleda Zia - Bangladesh, 50 | |
| 34 | Rita Sussmuth - Germany, 59 | |
| 35 | Mirjana Markovic - former Yugoslavia, 53 | |
| 36 | Christine Ockrent - France, 51 | |
| 37 | Sherry Lansing - US, 51 | |
| 38 | Gloria Steinem - US, 61 | half-Jewish; Feminist, Humanist |
| 39 | Jodie Foster - US, 33 | |
| 40 | Estee Lauder - US, 87 | Jewish |
| 41 | Rosabeth Moss Kanter - US, 53 | |
| 42 | Pauline Green - UK, 47 | |
| 43 | Barbara Walters - US, 64 | |
| 44 | Sandra Day O'Connor - US, 66 | Episcopalian |
| 45 | Anita Roddick - UK, 53 | |
| 46 | Ruth Bader Ginsburg - US, 63 | Jewish |
| 47 | Nadine Gordimer - South Africa, 73 | |
| 48 | Tina Brown - US, 42 | |
| 49 | Princess Diana - UK, 34 | Anglican |
| 50 | Susanna Agnelli - Italy, 73 | |
| 51 | Carol Bellamy - US, 54 | |
| 52 | Liliana Ferraro - Italy, 52 | |
| 53 | Carol Galley - UK, 47 | |
| 54 | Madonna - US, 38 | Catholic; Kabbalah |
| 55 | Countess Marion Donhoff - Germany, 86 | |
| 56 | Jana Wendt - Australia, 39 | |
| 57 | Sylvia Toth - The Netherlands, 52 | |
| 58 | Imelda Marcos - Philippines, 67 | |
| 59 | Queen Sirikit - Thailand, 63 | Buddhist |
| 60 | Irene Pivetti - Italy, 33 | |
| 61 | Cheryl Kernot - Australia, 47 | |
| 62 | Catherine Bertini - US, 46 | |
| 63 | Ritt Bjerregaard - Denmark, 54 | |
| 64 | Elizabeth Dole - US, 59 | Presbyterian |
| 65 | Elizabeth Dowdeswell - Canada, 50 | |
| 66 | Takako Doi - Japan, 67 | |
| 67 | Anita DeFrantz - US, 43 | |
| 68 | Donna Karan - US, 47 | |
| 69 | Miriam Defensor Santiago - Philippines, 51 | |
| 70 | Helen Gurley Brown - US, 74 | |
| 71 | Elisabeth Guigou - France, 49 | |
| 72 | Janet Holmes a Court - Australia, 52 | |
| 73 | Bodil Nyboe Andersen - Denmark, 55 | |
| 74 | Heide Simonis - Germany, 52 | |
| 75 | Jutta Limbach - Germany, 61 | |
| 76 | Hanna Suchocka - Poland, 50 | |
| 77 | Wandira Kazibwe - Uganda, 42 | |
| 78 | Simone Veil - France, 68 | |
| 79 | Jennie George - Australia, 48 | |
| 80 | Rosalyn Higgins - UK, 58 | |
| 81 | Dame Leonie Kramer - Australia, 71 | |
| 82 | Irene Saez - Venezuela, 34 | |
| 83 | Megawati Sukarno - Indonesia, 49 | |
| 84 | Erika Emmerich - Germany, 52 | |
| 85 | Dai Qing - China, 55 | |
| 86 | Sirkka Hamalainen - Finland, 57 | |
| 87 | Roseanne - US, 42 | Judaism; Latter-day Saint; Kabbalah |
| 88 | Winnie Mandela - South Africa, 61 | |
| 89 | Xuxa - Brazil, 32 | Catholic |
| 90 | Irina Khakamada - Russia, 40 | |
| 91 | Helen Clark - New Zealand, 46 | |
| 92 | Esther Koplowitz - Spain, 44 | |
| 93 | Alicia Koplowitz - Spain, 42 | |
| 94 | Tatyana Mitkova - Russia, 40 | |
| 95 | Ilda Boccassini - Italy, 46 | |
| 96 | Francoise Baree-Sinoussi - France, 48 | |
| 97 | Emily Lau - China, 43 | |
| 98 | Mother Teresa - India, 85 | Catholic |
| 99 | Betty Boothroyd - UK, 66 | |
| 100 | Christy Turlington - US, 27 |