Index| Group | Where | Number of Adherents |
% of total pop. |
Number of congreg./ churches/ units |
Number of countries |
Year | Source | Quote/ Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sikhism | Iran | - | - | 2 units |
- | 1993 | O'Brien, J. & M. Palmer. The State of Religion Atlas. Simon & Schuster: New York (1993); pg. 30-31. | Map: Number of Sikh gurdwaras ( "a gurdwara is both a place of worship and community centre ") |
| Sikhism | Iraq | - | - | 1 unit |
- | 1993 | O'Brien, J. & M. Palmer. The State of Religion Atlas. Simon & Schuster: New York (1993); pg. 30-31. | Map: Number of Sikh gurdwaras ( "a gurdwara is both a place of worship and community centre ") |
| Sikhism | Japan | - | - | 1 unit |
- | 1993 | O'Brien, J. & M. Palmer. The State of Religion Atlas. Simon & Schuster: New York (1993); pg. 30-31. | Map: Number of Sikh gurdwaras ( "a gurdwara is both a place of worship and community centre ") |
| Sikhism | Kenya | - | - | 26 units |
- | 1993 | O'Brien, J. & M. Palmer. The State of Religion Atlas. Simon & Schuster: New York (1993); pg. 30-31. | Map: Number of Sikh gurdwaras ( "a gurdwara is both a place of worship and community centre ") |
| Sikhism | Latin America | 8,000 | 0.00% | - | - | 1995 | The World Almanac and Book of Facts 1997 (K-111 Reference Corp.: Mahwah, NJ), [Source: 1996 Encyc. Britannica Book of the Year]; pg. 646. | Table: "Adherents of All Religions by Six Continental Areas, Mid-1995 " |
| Sikhism | Latin America | 9,000 | 0.00% | - | - | 1996 | The World Almanac & Book of Facts 1998 (K-111 Reference Corp.: Mahwah, NJ), [Source: 1997 Encyc. Britannica Book of the Year]; pg. 654. | Table: "Adherents of All Religions by Six Continental Areas, Mid-1996 " |
| Sikhism | Latin America | 8,000 | 0.00% | - | - | 1996 | *LINK* web site: "The Geography of Religion Website " (assembled by the students of Morehead State University, under Prof. Timothy C. Pitts); web page: "The Geography of Sikhism " (viewed 2 March 1999); [Orig. source: Markham, Ian S., (Editor), A World Religions Reader. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Publishers (1996), pp. 356-357.] | table with 3 columns: "Area "; "Adherents "; "Population Percentage " |
| Sikhism | Latin America | 0 | 0.00% | - | - | 1998 | World Almanac and Book of Facts 2000. Mahwah, NJ: PRIMEDIA Reference Inc. (1999). [Source: 1999 Encyc. Britannica Book of the Year]; pg. 695. | Table: "Adherents of All Religions by Six Continental Areas, Mid-1998 " |
| Sikhism | Malawi | - | - | 1 unit |
- | 1993 | O'Brien, J. & M. Palmer. The State of Religion Atlas. Simon & Schuster: New York (1993); pg. 30-31. | Map: Number of Sikh gurdwaras ( "a gurdwara is both a place of worship and community centre ") |
| Sikhism | Malaysia | 50,000 | - | - | - | 1983 | *LINK* Nance Profiles web site (orig. source: 2/23/83 issue of GLOBAL PRAYER DIGEST); (viewed Aug. 1998; now restricted.) | Sikhs also moved to Malaysia. Today as many as 50,000 Sikhs live in the western part and to the south, in the city-country of Singapore, there are an estimated 20,000 more Sikhs. |
| Sikhism | Malaysia | - | - | 60 units |
- | 1993 | O'Brien, J. & M. Palmer. The State of Religion Atlas. Simon & Schuster: New York (1993); pg. 30-31. | Map: Number of Sikh gurdwaras ( "a gurdwara is both a place of worship and community centre ") |
| Sikhism | Malaysia | 40,000 | - | - | - | 1994 | *LINK* Nance Profiles web site (orig. source: 2/14/94 issue of GLOBAL PRAYER DIGEST); (viewed Aug. 1998; now restricted.) | "PRAY FOR A STRONG CHURCH AMONG THE 40,000 SIKHS IN MALAYSIA " |
| Sikhism | Malaysia | 50,000 | - | - | - | 1997 | *LINK* web site: "Malaysia Homepage " (Mimos Berhad); section: "Malaysia Religion "; web page: "Sikhism " (viewed 15 April 1999). "(C) 1997 MIMOS Berhad " [Orig. source: The Information Malaysia Yearbook (1996)] | "Sikh temples managed by local committees are to be found in Kuala Lumpur, Georgetown, Ipoh, Taiping, Seremban, and other smaller centres where there is a Sikh community... The three main divisions into which the Sikhs fall Malawa, Majha and Dhoaba are all represented in Malaysia. In the larger centres there are separate temples for each group, but elsewhere temples are maintained by the combined efforts of all three groups... The present Sikh population of Malaysia is reckoned to stand at around 40,000-50,000, forming about three per cent of the total Indian community in the nation's population. " |
| Sikhism | Malaysia - Indians | 50,000 | 3.00% | - | - | 1997 | *LINK* web site: "Malaysia Homepage " (Mimos Berhad); section: "Malaysia Religion "; web page: "Sikhism " (viewed 15 April 1999). "(C) 1997 MIMOS Berhad " [Orig. source: The Information Malaysia Yearbook (1996)] | "The present Sikh population of Malaysia is reckoned to stand at around 40,000-50,000, forming about three per cent of the total Indian community in the nation's population. " |
| Sikhism | Manitoba | - | - | - | - | 1991 | Gall, Timothy L. & Susan Bevan Gall (editors). Junior Worldmark Encyclopedia of the Canadian Provinces. Detroit: U.X.L. (1997), [Orig. source: Canadian Census]; pg. 24. | "In 1991, 51% of all Manitobans--556,89 people--were Protestant... Buddhists, Moslems, Sikhs, and Hindus were also present, each with less than 5,500 followers. " |
| Sikhism | Manitoba | 3,500 | 0.32% | - | - | 1991 | *LINK* web site: "Statistics Canada "; web page: "Population, by religion, 1991 Census " (viewed 9 Jan. 1999); Source: Statistics Canada, Catalogue no. 93-319-XPB. | table: "Population, by religion, 1991 Census " |
| Sikhism | Netherlands | - | - | 1 unit |
- | 1993 | O'Brien, J. & M. Palmer. The State of Religion Atlas. Simon & Schuster: New York (1993); pg. 30-31. | Map: Number of Sikh gurdwaras ( "a gurdwara is both a place of worship and community centre ") |
| Sikhism | New Brunswick | - | 0.00% | - | - | 1991 | *LINK* web site: "Statistics Canada "; web page: "Population, by religion, 1991 Census " (viewed 9 Jan. 1999); Source: Statistics Canada, Catalogue no. 93-319-XPB. | table: "Population, by religion, 1991 Census " |
| Sikhism | New Mexico | 325 | - | - | - | 1999 | *LINK* Baker, Deborah (AP). "Religious Diversity Blooms in New Mexico Desert " in Salt Lake Tribune, 11 Sept. 1999. (viewed online 11 Sept. 1999) | "A community of Sikhs, distinctive in their turbans and white clothing, has become a fixture in northern New Mexico since it was founded nearly 30 years ago... The Sikhs run a variety of thriving businesses -- a nationwide security firm, companies that distribute tea, cereals and herbal products, and computer and other consulting services. The community of about 325 has become a political force in the state, contributing to both major parties. The annual birthday party for Yogi Bhajan, their spiritual and administrative leader, draws the governor and local congressmen. " |
| Sikhism | New York: New York City | 75,000 | - | - | - | 1999 | New York Times News Service. "Sikhs mark 300th anniversary of faith's core concept " in Dallas Morning News (Monday, 5 April 1999); pg. 5A. | "According to the American region of the World Sikh Council, there are about 7,500 Sikhs in the New York metropolitan area. " |
| Sikhism | New York: New York City: Manhattan | 2 | - | - | - | 1960 | New York Times News Service. "Sikhs mark 300th anniversary of faith's core concept " in Dallas Morning News (Monday, 5 April 1999); pg. 5A. | "Dr. I. J. Singh, a professor of dentistry at New York University, marveled at the crowd. 'When I came to the U.S. in 1960, there were two Sikhs in Manhattan, and one was me,' he said. " |
| Sikhism | New Zealand | 768 | 0.02% | - | - | 1986 | *LINK* web site: "VisionNet Census " (created by a Protestant group); (viewed 9 Jan. 1999); original source: Statistics New Zealand | Data taken from New Zealand national censuses, based on self-identification, down to denominational level. Total 1986 NZ population: 3,263,228. |
| Sikhism | New Zealand | 2,058 | 0.06% | - | - | 1991 | *LINK* web site: "VisionNet Census " (created by a Protestant group); (viewed 9 Jan. 1999); original source: Statistics New Zealand | Data taken from New Zealand national censuses, based on self-identification, down to denominational level. Total 1991 NZ population: 3,373,853. |
| Sikhism | New Zealand | - | - | 2 units |
- | 1993 | O'Brien, J. & M. Palmer. The State of Religion Atlas. Simon & Schuster: New York (1993); pg. 30-31. | Map: Number of Sikh gurdwaras ( "a gurdwara is both a place of worship and community centre ") |
| Sikhism | New Zealand | 2,817 | 0.08% | - | - | 1996 | *LINK* web site: "VisionNet Census " (created by a Protestant group); (viewed 9 Jan. 1999); original source: Statistics New Zealand | Data taken from New Zealand national censuses, based on self-identification, down to denominational level. Total 1996 NZ population: 3,616,633. |
| Sikhism | Newfoundland | 100 | 0.02% | - | - | 1991 | *LINK* web site: "Statistics Canada "; web page: "Population, by religion, 1991 Census " (viewed 9 Jan. 1999); Source: Statistics Canada, Catalogue no. 93-319-XPB. | table: "Population, by religion, 1991 Census " |
| Sikhism | North America | - | 0.00% | - | - | 1900 | *LINK* web site: "Monday Morning Reality Check "; web page: "North America: Decline & Fall of World Religions " (viewed 25 Feb. 1999), written by Justin D. Long. | Table: "North America: Decline & Fall of World Religions, 1900-2025 "; "North America, defined by the U.N. to include Bermuda, Canada, Greenland, St. Pierre & Miquelon & U.S. "; listed in table as: "Sikhs " |
| Sikhism | North America | - | 0.00% | - | - | 1925 | *LINK* web site: "Monday Morning Reality Check "; web page: "North America: Decline & Fall of World Religions " (viewed 25 Feb. 1999), written by Justin D. Long. | Table: "North America: Decline & Fall of World Religions, 1900-2025 "; "North America, defined by the U.N. to include Bermuda, Canada, Greenland, St. Pierre & Miquelon & U.S. "; listed in table as: "Sikhs " |
| Sikhism | North America | - | 0.00% | - | - | 1950 | *LINK* web site: "Monday Morning Reality Check "; web page: "North America: Decline & Fall of World Religions " (viewed 25 Feb. 1999), written by Justin D. Long. | Table: "North America: Decline & Fall of World Religions, 1900-2025 "; "North America, defined by the U.N. to include Bermuda, Canada, Greenland, St. Pierre & Miquelon & U.S. "; listed in table as: "Sikhs " |
| Sikhism | North America | - | 0.00% | - | - | 1975 | *LINK* web site: "Monday Morning Reality Check "; web page: "North America: Decline & Fall of World Religions " (viewed 25 Feb. 1999), written by Justin D. Long. | Table: "North America: Decline & Fall of World Religions, 1900-2025 "; "North America, defined by the U.N. to include Bermuda, Canada, Greenland, St. Pierre & Miquelon & U.S. "; listed in table as: "Sikhs " |
| Sikhism | North America | 200,000 | - | - | - | 1987 | Arora, Ranjit. Sikhism (series: "Religions of the World "). New York: Bookwright Press (1987); pg. 4. | "There are another 200,000 [Sikhs] in the US and Canada. " |
| Sikhism | North America | 100,000 | - | - | - | 1987 | Bishop, Peter & Michael Darton (editors). The Encyclopedia of World Faiths: An Illustrated Survey of the World's Living Faiths. New York: Facts on File Publications (1987); pg. 268. | "Outside India, some 350,000 [Sikhs] live in the UK and another 100,000 in North america. " |
| Sikhism | North America | 200,000 | - | - | - | 1993 | Bedell, Kenneth (ed.). Yearbook of American & Canadian Churches 1993. Abingdon Press: Nashville, Tenn (1993); pg. 166. | "There are approximately 200,000 Sikhs in North America. " |
| Sikhism | North America | 490,000 | 0.17% | - | - | 1995 | The World Almanac and Book of Facts 1997 (K-111 Reference Corp.: Mahwah, NJ), [Source: 1996 Encyc. Britannica Book of the Year]; pg. 646. | Table: "Adherents of All Religions by Six Continental Areas, Mid-1995 " |
| Sikhism | North America | 496,000 | 0.17% | - | - | 1996 | The World Almanac & Book of Facts 1998 (K-111 Reference Corp.: Mahwah, NJ), [Source: 1997 Encyc. Britannica Book of the Year]; pg. 654. | Table: "Adherents of All Religions by Six Continental Areas, Mid-1996 " |
| Sikhism | North America | 1,000,000 | - | - | - | 1996 | Occhiogrosso, Peter. The Joy of Sects: A Spirited Guide to the World's Religious Traditions. New York: Doubleday (1996); pg. 55. | "Today there are 12 million Sikhs in India, 1 million in the U.S. and Canada, 500,000 in Great Britain. " |
| Sikhism | North America | 254,000 | 0.10% | - | - | 1996 | *LINK* web site: "The Geography of Religion Website " (assembled by the students of Morehead State University, under Prof. Timothy C. Pitts); web page: "The Geography of Sikhism " (viewed 2 March 1999); [Orig. source: Markham, Ian S., (Editor), A World Religions Reader. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Publishers (1996), pp. 356-357.] | table with 3 columns: "Area "; "Adherents "; "Population Percentage " |
| Sikhism | North America | 498,000 | 0.16% | - | - | 1998 | World Almanac and Book of Facts 2000. Mahwah, NJ: PRIMEDIA Reference Inc. (1999). [Source: 1999 Encyc. Britannica Book of the Year]; pg. 695. | Table: "Adherents of All Religions by Six Continental Areas, Mid-1998 " |
| Sikhism | North America | 2,000,000 | - | - | - | 1998 | McCourt, Frank. "God in America " in Life (Dec. 1998); pg. 65. | "There are 20 million Sikhs worldwide, including more than 2 million in North America. " |
| Sikhism | North America | 520,000 | - | - | - | 1998 | *LINK* web site: "Monday Morning Reality Check "; web page: "North America: Decline & Fall of World Religions " (viewed 25 Feb. 1999), written by Justin D. Long circa 1998. | "Smaller religious blocs have a higher growth rate: 800,000 Bahais (2.46%), 156,000 Spiritists (1.81%), 850,000 Chinese folk-religionists (1.11%), 740,000 Asian New Religions (2.2%), and 520,000 Sikhs (2.66%). " |
| Sikhism | North America | 400,000 | - | - | - | 1999 | New York Times News Service. "Sikhs mark 300th anniversary of faith's core concept " in Dallas Morning News (Monday, 5 April 1999); pg. 5A. | "The denomination, the world's fifth largest, has grown in the west, with 175,000 adherents in the U.S. and 225,000 in Canada. " |
| Sikhism | North America | - | 0.20% | - | - | 2000 | *LINK* web site: "Monday Morning Reality Check "; web page: "North America: Decline & Fall of World Religions " (viewed 25 Feb. 1999), written by Justin D. Long. | Table: "North America: Decline & Fall of World Religions, 1900-2025 "; "North America, defined by the U.N. to include Bermuda, Canada, Greenland, St. Pierre & Miquelon & U.S. "; listed in table as: "Sikhs "; [Year 2000 projection made circa 1997] |
| Sikhism | North America | - | 0.20% | - | - | 2025 | *LINK* web site: "Monday Morning Reality Check "; web page: "North America: Decline & Fall of World Religions " (viewed 25 Feb. 1999), written by Justin D. Long. | Table: "North America: Decline & Fall of World Religions, 1900-2025 "; "North America, defined by the U.N. to include Bermuda, Canada, Greenland, St. Pierre & Miquelon & U.S. "; listed in table as: "Sikhs "; [Year 2025 projection made circa 1997] |
| Sikhism | Northwest Territories | - | - | - | - | 1991 | Gall, Timothy L. & Susan Bevan Gall (editors). Junior Worldmark Encyclopedia of the Canadian Provinces. Detroit: U.X.L. (1997), [Orig. source: Canadian Census]; pg. 88. | "There were less than 100 people each of the following: Jews, Moslems, Buddhists, Sikhs, and Hindus. " |
| Sikhism | Northwest Territories | 100 | 0.17% | - | - | 1991 | *LINK* web site: "Statistics Canada "; web page: "Population, by religion, 1991 Census " (viewed 9 Jan. 1999); Source: Statistics Canada, Catalogue no. 93-319-XPB. | table: "Population, by religion, 1991 Census " |
| Sikhism | Norway | - | - | 1 unit |
- | 1993 | O'Brien, J. & M. Palmer. The State of Religion Atlas. Simon & Schuster: New York (1993); pg. 30-31. | Map: Number of Sikh gurdwaras ( "a gurdwara is both a place of worship and community centre ") |
| Sikhism | Nova Scotia | 300 | 0.03% | - | - | 1991 | *LINK* web site: "Statistics Canada "; web page: "Population, by religion, 1991 Census " (viewed 9 Jan. 1999); Source: Statistics Canada, Catalogue no. 93-319-XPB. | table: "Population, by religion, 1991 Census " |
| Sikhism | Oceania | 7,000 | 0.02% | - | - | 1995 | The World Almanac and Book of Facts 1997 (K-111 Reference Corp.: Mahwah, NJ), [Source: 1996 Encyc. Britannica Book of the Year]; pg. 646. | Table: "Adherents of All Religions by Six Continental Areas, Mid-1995 " |
| Sikhism | Oceania | 7,000 | 0.02% | - | - | 1996 | The World Almanac & Book of Facts 1998 (K-111 Reference Corp.: Mahwah, NJ), [Source: 1997 Encyc. Britannica Book of the Year]; pg. 654. | Table: "Adherents of All Religions by Six Continental Areas, Mid-1996 " |
| Sikhism | Oceania | 9,000 | 0.00% | - | - | 1996 | *LINK* web site: "The Geography of Religion Website " (assembled by the students of Morehead State University, under Prof. Timothy C. Pitts); web page: "The Geography of Sikhism " (viewed 2 March 1999); [Orig. source: Markham, Ian S., (Editor), A World Religions Reader. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Publishers (1996), pp. 356-357.] | table with 3 columns: "Area "; "Adherents "; "Population Percentage " |
| Sikhism | Oceania | 14,000 | 0.05% | - | - | 1998 | World Almanac and Book of Facts 2000. Mahwah, NJ: PRIMEDIA Reference Inc. (1999). [Source: 1999 Encyc. Britannica Book of the Year]; pg. 695. | Table: "Adherents of All Religions by Six Continental Areas, Mid-1998 " |
| Sikhism | Ontario | 50,400 | 0.50% | - | - | 1991 | Gall, Timothy L. & Susan Bevan Gall (editors). Junior Worldmark Encyclopedia of the Canadian Provinces. Detroit: U.X.L. (1997), [Source: Canadian Census]; pg. 121. | "In 1991, 44.4% of the population, or 4,477,700 people was Protestant... There were... 151,300 Moslems, 110,900 Hindus, 70,600 Buddhists, and 50,400 Sikhs. " |
| Sikhism | Ontario | 50,100 | 0.50% | - | - | 1991 | *LINK* web site: "Statistics Canada "; web page: "Population, by religion, 1991 Census " (viewed 9 Jan. 1999); Source: Statistics Canada, Catalogue no. 93-319-XPB. | table: "Population, by religion, 1991 Census " |
| Sikhism | Pakistan | - | - | 1 unit |
- | 1993 | O'Brien, J. & M. Palmer. The State of Religion Atlas. Simon & Schuster: New York (1993); pg. 30-31. | Map: Number of Sikh gurdwaras ( "a gurdwara is both a place of worship and community centre ") |
| Sikhism | Philippines | - | - | 1 unit |
- | 1993 | O'Brien, J. & M. Palmer. The State of Religion Atlas. Simon & Schuster: New York (1993); pg. 30-31. | Map: Number of Sikh gurdwaras ( "a gurdwara is both a place of worship and community centre ") |
| Sikhism | Poland | - | - | - | - | 1992 | Chalfant, H. Paul, et al. Religion in Contemporary Society (3rd Ed.); Itasca, Illinois: F.E. Peacock Publishers (1994); pg. 243-244. | "In Poland he found (Maxwell, 1992:37) the following NRMs: 22 Zen Buddhist organizations; 13 Hindu orgs.; 2 Theosophical orgs; Hawaiian Kahuna, a magic movement; Ordo Lux, a Pagan occult movement; 2 esoteric Yoga groups; a Sikh group; a Bahai' group; a Rastafarian gorup. " [these are number of organizations, not necessarily be number of "units "] |
| Sikhism | Prince Edward Island | - | - | - | - | 1991 | Gall, Timothy L. & Susan Bevan Gall (editors). Junior Worldmark Encyclopedia of the Canadian Provinces. Detroit: U.X.L. (1997), [Source: Canadian Census]; pg. 138. | "The province also had less than 150 each of the following people of Eastern Orthodox faith, Sikhs, and Jews. " |
| Sikhism | Prince Edward Island | 100 | 0.08% | - | - | 1991 | *LINK* web site: "Statistics Canada "; web page: "Population, by religion, 1991 Census " (viewed 9 Jan. 1999); Source: Statistics Canada, Catalogue no. 93-319-XPB. | table: "Population, by religion, 1991 Census " |
| Sikhism | Quebec | 6,900 | 0.10% | - | - | 1991 | Gall, Timothy L. & Susan Bevan Gall (editors). Junior Worldmark Encyclopedia of the Canadian Provinces. Detroit: U.X.L. (1997). [Orig. source: Canadian Census]; pg. 153-154. | "Only 5.9% of the population, or about 406,900 people, was Protestant... Quebec also had... 48,300 Moslems, 34,500 Buddhists, 13,800 Hindus and 6,900 Sikhs. " |
| Sikhism | Quebec | 4,500 | 0.07% | - | - | 1991 | *LINK* web site: "Statistics Canada "; web page: "Population, by religion, 1991 Census " (viewed 9 Jan. 1999); Source: Statistics Canada, Catalogue no. 93-319-XPB. | table: "Population, by religion, 1991 Census " |
| Sikhism | Saskatchewan | 600 | 0.06% | - | - | 1991 | *LINK* web site: "Statistics Canada "; web page: "Population, by religion, 1991 Census " (viewed 9 Jan. 1999); Source: Statistics Canada, Catalogue no. 93-319-XPB. | table: "Population, by religion, 1991 Census " |
| Sikhism | Saskatchewan: Saskatoon | - | - | 1 unit |
- | 1998 | *LINK* web site: Saskatoon Free-Net:Religion (viewed 1998) | citywide religion directory for Saskatoon & area |
| Sikhism | Singapore | 20,000 | - | - | - | 1983 | *LINK* Nance Profiles web site (orig. source: 2/23/83 issue of GLOBAL PRAYER DIGEST); (viewed Aug. 1998; now restricted.) | Sikhs also moved to Malaysia. Today as many as 50,000 Sikhs live in the western part and to the south, in the city-country of Singapore, there are an estimated 20,000 more Sikhs. |
| Sikhism | Singapore | - | - | 12 units |
- | 1993 | O'Brien, J. & M. Palmer. The State of Religion Atlas. Simon & Schuster: New York (1993); pg. 30-31. | Map: Number of Sikh gurdwaras ( "a gurdwara is both a place of worship and community centre ") |
| Sikhism | Sweden | - | - | 1 unit |
- | 1993 | O'Brien, J. & M. Palmer. The State of Religion Atlas. Simon & Schuster: New York (1993); pg. 30-31. | Map: Number of Sikh gurdwaras ( "a gurdwara is both a place of worship and community centre ") |
