Index| Group | Where | Number of Adherents |
% of total pop. |
Number of congreg./ churches/ units |
Number of countries |
Year | Source | Quote/ Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Creole | Suriname | 135,290 | 31.00% | - | - | 1999 | Beatty, Noelle Blackmer. Suriname (series: Major World Nations). Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishers (1999); pg. 40-41. | "The term Creole is used in Suriname to describe all descendants of African slaves who live on the coastal plain--one of the largest and most influential of Suriname's population groups. Most Creoles pratice Christianity. A large majority have intermarried with members of other racial and ethnic groups. Thus, the 31 percent of the population defined as Creoles include people of very different backgronds. " |
| Croat | Bosnia | 765,000 | 17.00% | - | - | 1991 | Black, Eric. Bosnia: Fractured Region. Minneapolis: Lerner Publications Co. (1999); pg. 14. | "In the country's last census--in 1991--44 percent of Bosnia's 4.5 million people identified themselves as Muslims, 31 percent as Serbs, and 17 percent as Croats... Bosnian Serbs are mostly followers of the Serbian Orthodox Church, Bosnian Croats are mostly Roman Catholics... " |
| Crossroads Bible Church | California | 2,000 | - | 1 unit |
- | 1992 | *LINK* Thumma, Scott. web site: "Megachurches in the U.S. " (viewed Aug. 20, 1999; data collected 1992; last updated Aug. 19, 1999). Center for Social & Religious Research, Hartford Seminary. | Table; "size " is avg. weekly attendance. Study finding all U.S megachurches.; in San Jose, CA. |
| Crossroads Church of Denver | Colorado | 4,000 | - | 1 unit |
- | 1992 | *LINK* Thumma, Scott. web site: "Megachurches in the U.S. " (viewed Aug. 20, 1999; data collected 1992; last updated Aug. 19, 1999). Center for Social & Religious Research, Hartford Seminary. | Table; "size " is avg. weekly attendance. Study finding all U.S megachurches.; Indep. cong. in Wheat Ridge, CO; pastor Tom Stipe. |
| CrossWinds Church | California | 2,000 | - | 1 unit |
- | 1992 | *LINK* Thumma, Scott. web site: "Megachurches in the U.S. " (viewed Aug. 20, 1999; data collected 1992; last updated Aug. 19, 1999). Center for Social & Religious Research, Hartford Seminary. | Table; "size " is avg. weekly attendance. Study finding all U.S megachurches.; Indep. cong. in Dublin, CA. |
| Crow | North America | 4,000 | - | - | - | 1780 | Legay, Gilbert. Atlas of Indians of North America. Hauppauge, NY: Barron's (1995); pg. 47. | "Crow... They numbered 4,000 in 1780. " |
| Crow | North America | 8,700 | - | - | - | 1992 | Legay, Gilbert. Atlas of Indians of North America. Hauppauge, NY: Barron's (1995); pg. 47. | "Crow... Nearly 8,700 were counted in tribal registers in 1992 on the reservation on the Bighorn River in Montana. " |
| Crow | North America - Northern Great Plains | 4,000 | - | - | - | 1780 | Terrell, John Upton. American Indian Almanac. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Co. (1974); pg. 288. | Table: "Northern Great Plains: Earliest Population Estimates " (mainly relying on James Mooney, John R. Swanson, & A. L. Kroeber) |
| Crow | USA | 8,588 | - | - | - | 1990 | Utter, Jack. American Indians: Answers to Today's Questions. Lake Ann, MI: National Woodlands Publishing Co. (1993); pg. 38. | Table: "Largest American Indian Tribes (as identified in the 1990 Census, through self-reporting) " |
| Crow | USA | 8,588 | - | - | - | 1990 | *LINK* web site: "American West "; web page: "Indian Tribes - Population Rankings " (viewed 13 Feb. 1999) | Table: "Native American Tribes: Population Rankings of the 30 largest tribes in the U.S. according to the 1990 census report (U.S. Department of Commerce) "; NOTE: These are tribal affiliation figures, not religious preference figures. |
| Crow | world | 4,000 | - | - | - | 1780 | Terrell, John Upton. American Indian Almanac. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Co. (1974); pg. 288. | Table: "Northern Great Plains: Earliest Population Estimates " (mainly relying on James Mooney, John R. Swanson, & A. L. Kroeber) |
| Crystal Cathedral | USA | 2,000,000 | - | - | - | 1986 | Naisbitt, John & Patricia Aburdene. Megatrends 2000: Ten New Directions for the 1990's. New York: William Morrow and Co. (1990); pg. 279-280. | "From February 1986 to July 1988... viewers in the United States... according to the Arbitron Ratings Company... Robert Schuller has taken hits. His audience fell from 2 million to 1.2 million. " |
| Crystal Cathedral | USA | 1,200,000 | - | - | - | 1988 | Naisbitt, John & Patricia Aburdene. Megatrends 2000: Ten New Directions for the 1990's. New York: William Morrow and Co. (1990); pg. 279-280. | "Since the PTL, Swaggart, and Oral Roberts scandals, TV evangelists have lost a staggering amount of support. From February 1986 to July 1988... viewers in the United States... according to the Arbitron Ratings Company... Jerry Falwell's dropped from 700,000 to 284,000. Even untarnished, upbeat Robert Schuller has taken hits. His audience fell from 2 million to 1.2 million. " |
| Crystal Cathedral | world | 10,000 | - | - | - | 1990 | Naisbitt, John & Patricia Aburdene. Megatrends 2000: Ten New Directions for the 1990's. New York: William Morrow and Co. (1990); pg. 279-280. | "Fundamentalism's most visible strength is its effective use of the media, an outlandish, incongruous, perfect balance: the hard edge of technology in service to the high touch of religion. - Before falling from grace, Jimmy Swaggart had broadcast in 140 countries weekly and in fifteen different languages. He claimed to reachone third of the planet. Jim and Tammy Bakker's PTL cable TV network reached 12 million households. - Jerry Falwell's TV shows reached 610,000 households in 168 markets across the U.S.; his 1987 TV income: $91 million. - Robert Schuller is the leading TV evangelist. his Crystal Cathedral claims 10,000 members; many more watch the show on TV. " |
| Culdees | Ireland | - | - | - | - | 750 C.E. | *LINK* Hexham, Irving. Concise Dictionary of Religion. Carol Stream, USA: InterVarsity Press (1994). (v. online 6 Oct. 1999) | "CULDEES: IRISH Monks originating in the eighth century who lived in GROUPS of thirteen. In the nineteenth century they became the subject of NEO-PAGAN speculation and were erroneously linked to the Druids. This usage has passed into various NEW RELIGIOUS MOVEMENTS of the twentieth century seeking to establish legitimacy for ESOTERIC BELIEFS. " |
| cults | Europe | - | - | - | - | 1999 | *LINK* Rifkin, Ira. "Agency May Be Formed to Track Activities of 'Dangerous Sects' in Europe " in Salt Lake Tribune, Saturday, June 26, 1999 (viewed online 26 June 1999). | "A report submitted with the recommendation said the proposal grew out of the rise across Europe in recent years of 'sects and new religions.' In addition, the report noted the need to head off further 'serious disturbances of law and order' and 'carnage' associated in recent years with groups such as Japan's Aum Shinri Kyo cult and the Order of the Solar Temple in France and Switzerland. The report also said a number of groups successfully have established themselves in Russia and other formerly communist nations since the fall of the Soviet Union, prompting government backlashes. Great Britain's David Atkinson -- mentioning Baptist, Pentecostal and evangelical Protestant groups -- said 'these so-called evangelistic missions usually originate abroad, notably in the United States.' " |
| cults | Latin America | - | - | - | - | 1998 | Fernandez-Armesto, Felipe. "Religion " in The Future Now: Predicting the 21st Century. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson (1998); pg. 62. | "'Christian fundamentalism' is becoming as much a political term as 'Islamic fundamentalism'. In parts of Latin America, radical Protestant sects are already guilty of trying to mobilize congregatios in support of military-backed dictatorships and hierarchies of wealth and race. Some religious cults, with their crushing effects on individual identity, their ethic of obedience to charismatic leadership, their paranoid habits and their campaigns against the rest of the world, behave in frightening ways like early fascist cells. " |
| cults | Massachusetts | - | - | - | - | 1700 | Cohen, Daniel. Cults. Brookfield, Connecticut: Millbrook Press (1994); pg. 21. | "In many ways the history of America was shaped by the actions of groups that could legitimately be defined as cults... the Pilgrims, who came from Europe aboard the Mayflower and landed in Plymouth, Massachusetts, in... 1620, were a small, radical religious group better known as the Separatists... these Separatists were [considered] religious fanatics... Then there were the Quakers, whose doctrines and way of life seemed even odder to the conventional religious folk of England than the beliefs and ways of the Separatists. In the New World, the Quakers were persecuted more severely by the descendants of the Pilgrims than they had been by the established Church of England... There were many other small, religiously unorthodox immigrant groups--the Shakers, the Amish, the Hutterites, the Inspirationists, the Moravians--who came to America... The wide open spaces of America were not only a magnet for cults, they were also a fertile breeding ground for them. " |
| cults | Roman Empire | - | - | - | - | 30 C.E. | Osborne, Richard. Philosophy for Beginners. New York, NY: Writers and Readers Publishing (1992); pg. 28. | "Christianity had lots of rivals other than Judaism. There was the cult of Isis, Mithraism, the official divinities, and Orphic Mysticism. In fact, Christianity could have died out like lots of other cult shows. " |
| cults | USA | - | - | - | - | 1970 | Finke, Roger & Rodney Stark. The Churching of America, 1776-1990. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press (1992; 3rd printing 1997); pg. 241. | "With the exception of Transcendental Meditation--which represented nothing more than a brief experiment in self-improvement for all but the tiniest portion of those who encountered it (Stark and Bainbridge, 1985)--no cult movement of the sixties or early seventies seems to have attracted more than a few thousand Amerian members, and most of even the well-publicized groups counted their true membership in the hundreds, not the thousands. " |
| cults | USA | - | - | - | - | 1979 | Popenoe, David. Sociology (5th Ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc. (1983); pg. 450. | "Cults consist of groups whose members... practice religion in ways that are non-traditional... in terms of the society in which they exist. Recently, 501 cults have been identified in the United States (Stark et al., 1979). They generally have a much smaller membership than do sects, with most having only a few hundred members... "; Pg. 455: "Cult: A loosely organized religious movement without well-developed doctrines that typically stresses attainment of a desired spiritual experience. " |
| cults | USA | 300,000 | - | - | - | 1980 | Rudin, James A. & Marcia R. Rudin. Prison or Paradise: The New Religious Cults; Fortress Press: Philadelphia (1980); pg. 15. | "Some experts estimate there are three hundred thousand cult adherents. " |
| cults | USA | 3,000,000 | - | - | - | 1980 | Rudin, James A. & Marcia R. Rudin. Prison or Paradise: The New Religious Cults; Fortress Press: Philadelphia (1980); pg. 15-16. | "Flo Conway and Jim Siegelman... assert there are as many as 3 million past and present cult members in America alone. Dr. Margaret Thaler Singer, [a Write Institute psychiatrist]... agrees there are 2 to 3 million people in these groups. " |
| cults | USA | 150,000 | - | - | - | 1982 | Long, Robert Emmet (ed.). Religious Cults in America (The Reference Shelf: Volume 66 Number 4), New York: The H. W. Wilson Co. (1994). [Orig. source: Article by J. Gordon Melton. From appendix A of The Cult Experience, Cleveland, OH: The Pilgrim Press (1982)]; pg. 75. | "More than 600 religious groups in the U.S. and in Canada could properly be termed alternative religions... Of the 600 groups, approximately 75 have been identified as cults by modern anti-cultists... The largest of these groups number less than 10,000, and the two most famous--the Hare Krishna and the Unification Church--number less than 5,000. On the average these groups have 1,000 to 3,000 members. Thus, an estimated 150,000 individuals are involved in the so-called cults at any one time. " |
| cults | USA | 20,000,000 | - | - | - | 1986 | Pastva, Loretta. Great Religions of the World; Winona, Minnesota: Saint Mary's Press, Christian Brothers Publications (1995) [9th printing. 1st printing in 1986]; pg. 227. | "...it is estimated that within the last 150 years, from 1,500 to 4,000 cults, with some 20 million followers, have sprung up in the United States alone. " |
| cults | USA | - | - | - | - | 1994 | Cohen, Daniel. Cults. Brookfield, Connecticut: Millbrook Press (1994); pg. 132-133. | "There are hundreds of groups, perhaps even a few thousand, in the U.S. today that might be considered cults. Most are quite small and short-lived. And most are essentially harmless... It is impossible to make an accurate estimate of the number of people who are currently involved in cults, but compared to the total population of the country the percentage has to be quite small. Since cults have about them an aura of the mysterious and exotic, they get a great deal of attention from the media--far more than their numbers deserve--and that makes the average person think that they are much more numerous and much more powerful than they really are. " |
| cults | USA | 3,000,000 | - | - | - | 1998 | *LINK* web site: "Christian Information Ministries " (2050 N. Collins Blvd. #100 Richardson, TX 75080); web page: "C.I.M. Outline #10: CHARACTERISTICS OF MODERN CULTS " (viewed 27 Feb. 1999) | "Conway and Siegelman in their book on cults (SNAPPING) estimate there to be between 1000 and 3000 major and minor religious cults in the U.S. with a membership of approximately 3,000,000. " |
| cults | world | - | - | - | - | 68 C.E. | Crim, Keith (ed.). The Perennial Dictionary of World Religions. San Francisco: Harper Collins (1989). Reprint; originally pub. as Abingdon Dictionary of Living Religions, 1981; pg. 170. | "As a fast-growing and often apparently subversive cult with suspicious rites, Christianity soon became a target of persecutions by emperors from the time of Nero (d. A.D. 68) into the fourth century. Many believers were harassed and some were martyred, but their oppression only led to more growth. " |
| Cumberland Methodist Church | Tennessee | 0 | - | - | - | 1991 | Melton, J. Gordon (ed.) The Encyclopedia of American Religions: Vol. 1. Tarrytown, NY: Triumph Books (1991); Section: Pietist-Methodist Family: Non-Episcopal Methodism; pg. 189. | "Cumberland Methodist Church (Defunct); The Cumberland Methdodist Church withdrew from the Congregational Methodist Church in 1950 because of a disagreement on both polity and doctrine. It was organized at Laager, Grundy County, Tennessee, in the mountainous country near Chattanooga. Membership never reached beyond the several counties in southeastern Tennessee. Since its founder's death, no trace of the existence of the Cumberland Methodist Church has been found. " |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Alabama | 8,183 | 0.20% | 60 units |
- | 1990 | Glenmary Research Center (Mars Hill, NC). Churches & Church Membership in U.S., 1990. Courtesy of American Religion Data Archive. | By-county org. reports, figures from 'Churches' & inclusive 'Adherents' columns. More exclusive 'members' column: 7,573. [Listed as 'Cumberland Presbyterian Church.'] |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Alabama | - | - | 60 units |
- | 1998 | *LINK* official organization web page: 1998 Yearbook of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church | counted from directory: "Location Index of Churches " |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Arizona | 123 | 0.00% | 1 unit |
- | 1990 | Glenmary Research Center. Churches & Church Membership in U.S., 1990. | By-county org. reports, figures from 'Churches' & inclusive 'Adherents' columns. More exclusive 'members': 86. |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Arizona | - | - | 1 unit |
- | 1998 | *LINK* official organization web page: 1998 Yearbook of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church | counted from directory: "Location Index of Churches " |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Arkansas | 5,082 | 0.21% | 66 units |
- | 1990 | Glenmary Research Center. Churches & Church Membership in U.S., 1990. | By-county org. reports, figures from 'Churches' & inclusive 'Adherents' columns. More exclusive 'members': 4,822. |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Arkansas | - | - | 67 units |
- | 1998 | *LINK* official organization web page: 1998 Yearbook of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church | counted from directory: "Location Index of Churches " |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | California | 1,158 | 0.00% | 7 units |
- | 1990 | Glenmary Research Center. Churches & Church Membership in U.S., 1990. | By-county org. reports, figures from 'Churches' & inclusive 'Adherents' columns. More exclusive 'members': 1,064. |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | California | - | - | 5 units |
- | 1998 | *LINK* official organization web page: 1998 Yearbook of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church | counted from directory: "Location Index of Churches " |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Colombia | - | - | 30 units |
- | 1998 | *LINK* official organization web page: 1998 Yearbook of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church | counted from directory: "Location Index of Churches " |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Florida | 994 | 0.01% | 7 units |
- | 1990 | Glenmary Research Center. Churches & Church Membership in U.S., 1990. | By-county org. reports, figures from 'Churches' & inclusive 'Adherents' columns. More exclusive 'members': 937. |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Florida | - | - | 6 units |
- | 1998 | *LINK* official organization web page: 1998 Yearbook of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church | counted from directory: "Location Index of Churches " |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Georgia, USA | 438 | 0.01% | 4 units |
- | 1990 | Glenmary Research Center. Churches & Church Membership in U.S., 1990. | By-county org. reports, figures from 'Churches' & inclusive 'Adherents' columns. More exclusive 'members': 383. |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Georgia, USA | - | - | 4 units |
- | 1998 | *LINK* official organization web page: 1998 Yearbook of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church | counted from directory: "Location Index of Churches " |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Hong Kong | - | - | 7 units |
- | 1998 | *LINK* official organization web page: 1998 Yearbook of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church | counted from directory: "Location Index of Churches " |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Illinois | 3,195 | 0.03% | 43 units |
- | 1990 | Glenmary Research Center. Churches & Church Membership in U.S., 1990. | By-county org. reports, figures from 'Churches' & inclusive 'Adherents' columns. More exclusive 'members': 3,087. |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Illinois | - | - | 40 units |
- | 1998 | *LINK* official organization web page: 1998 Yearbook of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church | counted from directory: "Location Index of Churches " |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Indiana | 1,494 | 0.03% | 8 units |
- | 1990 | Glenmary Research Center. Churches & Church Membership in U.S., 1990. | By-county org. reports, figures from 'Churches' & inclusive 'Adherents' columns. More exclusive 'members': 1,391. |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Indiana | - | - | 7 units |
- | 1998 | *LINK* official organization web page: 1998 Yearbook of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church | counted from directory: "Location Index of Churches " |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Iowa | 124 | 0.00% | 1 unit |
- | 1990 | Glenmary Research Center. Churches & Church Membership in U.S., 1990. | By-county org. reports, figures from 'Churches' & inclusive 'Adherents' columns. More exclusive 'members': 111. |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Iowa | - | - | 1 unit |
- | 1998 | *LINK* official organization web page: 1998 Yearbook of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church | counted from directory: "Location Index of Churches " |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Japan | - | - | 13 units |
- | 1998 | *LINK* official organization web page: 1998 Yearbook of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church | counted from directory: "Location Index of Churches " |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Kentucky | 12,378 | 0.34% | 119 units |
- | 1990 | Glenmary Research Center. Churches & Church Membership in U.S., 1990. | By-county org. reports, figures from 'Churches' & inclusive 'Adherents' columns. More exclusive 'members': 11,811. |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Kentucky | - | - | 109 units |
- | 1998 | *LINK* official organization web page: 1998 Yearbook of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church | counted from directory: "Location Index of Churches " |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Liberia | - | - | 19 units |
- | 1998 | *LINK* official organization web page: 1998 Yearbook of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church | counted from directory: "Location Index of Churches " |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Louisiana | 707 | 0.02% | 5 units |
- | 1990 | Glenmary Research Center. Churches & Church Membership in U.S., 1990. | By-county org. reports, figures from 'Churches' & inclusive 'Adherents' columns. More exclusive 'members': 658. |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Louisiana | - | - | 4 units |
- | 1998 | *LINK* official organization web page: 1998 Yearbook of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church | counted from directory: "Location Index of Churches " |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Macau | - | - | 1 unit |
- | 1998 | *LINK* official organization web page: 1998 Yearbook of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church | counted from directory: "Location Index of Churches " |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Michigan | 245 | 0.00% | 3 units |
- | 1990 | Glenmary Research Center. Churches & Church Membership in U.S., 1990. | By-county org. reports, figures from 'Churches' & inclusive 'Adherents' columns. More exclusive 'members': 232. |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Michigan | - | - | 3 units |
- | 1998 | *LINK* official organization web page: 1998 Yearbook of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church | counted from directory: "Location Index of Churches " |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Mississippi | 1,660 | 0.06% | 19 units |
- | 1990 | Glenmary Research Center. Churches & Church Membership in U.S., 1990. | By-county org. reports, figures from 'Churches' & inclusive 'Adherents' columns. More exclusive 'members': 1,573. |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Mississippi | - | - | 19 units |
- | 1998 | *LINK* official organization web page: 1998 Yearbook of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church | counted from directory: "Location Index of Churches " |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Missouri | 2,202 | 0.04% | 32 units |
- | 1990 | Glenmary Research Center. Churches & Church Membership in U.S., 1990. | By-county org. reports, figures from 'Churches' & inclusive 'Adherents' columns. More exclusive 'members': 2,112. |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Missouri | - | - | 29 units |
- | 1998 | *LINK* official organization web page: 1998 Yearbook of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church | counted from directory: "Location Index of Churches " |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | New Mexico | 2,224 | 0.15% | 1 unit |
- | 1990 | Glenmary Research Center. Churches & Church Membership in U.S., 1990. | By-county org. reports, figures from 'Churches' & inclusive 'Adherents' columns. More exclusive 'members': 2,224. |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | New Mexico | - | - | 2 units |
- | 1998 | *LINK* official organization web page: 1998 Yearbook of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church | counted from directory: "Location Index of Churches " |
| Cumberland Presbyterian Church | Oklahoma | 1,776 | 0.06% | 22 units |
- | 1990 | Glenmary Research Center. Churches & Church Membership in U.S., 1990. | By-county org. reports, figures from 'Churches' & inclusive 'Adherents' columns. More exclusive 'members': 1,553. |
Cumberland Presbyterian Church, continued 